Before: a hole in the pocket made it non-functional — I could stick my hand right through it.
After: you can't see my hand because I made the pocket functional by patching it.
Before: the ripped side of the pocket from the interior.
After: I sewed a contrasting patch onto the pocket, making sure that I didn't sew the pocket closed! The contrasting material is actually only visible from the inside.
Before: small holes on the seat of the pants.
After: I sewed on unobtrusive (read: close to matching) patches to cover the small holes and prevent them from becoming big holes.